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@

up, good reading...

本文发表在 rolia.net 枫下论坛but I can't imagine selling US T bill/bond will be a good solution... US cut Feb rate to bail economy from the risk of recession, it will bring inflation rate higher... dropping US Dollar will also import inflation from other countries... selling bond will increase the LT bond yield level.. make it harder to business(and GOV) to borrow in the market, the selling of bond, in nutshell, neutralize the rate cut move by Fed and slow down the US economy... I don't see how US Dollar will benefit from a slowing down economy? same time, selling US bond will cause bond price drop, bondholders will suffer bigger losses as other players join the sale (every countries wish to sell the bond earlier before price drop too deep). For china economy, the last thing we want to see is US recession since US is the largest buyer of our export.

anyway, losses in foreign reserve is inevitable when US change their attitude toward exchange rate and start to tolerate weak US Dollar, this is the US's privilege as world currency and another good lesson for diversification. There are article talking about diversify foreign reserve into a more balanced basket including Euro, Japanese Yan, US, Gold... China sold too much gold and keep too much US dollar (one key reason is China believe US favor strong US Dollar, and US dollar is interest generating asset and Gold does not generate interest at all)...

is it too late? prevention is much easier than remedy...更多精彩文章及讨论,请光临枫下论坛 rolia.net
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Replies, comments and Discussions:

  • 枫下茶话 / 政治经济 / [转贴]《经济学家》:美国得需要两位数的通货通胀
    本文发表在 rolia.net 枫下论坛随着美联储以超预期幅度降息,投资者也该出售手中持有的美国国债了

    全世界众多持有美国国债的投资者现在应该将其出售了。美联储想通过掠夺这些投资者来拯救破产的美国房主、对冲基金以及投资银行。9月18日,美联储将联邦基金利率下调了50个基点──比许多市场观察人士预测的25个基点多了一倍。美联储暗示在未来的几个月还将大幅度降息。到明年年初,联邦基金利率可能会从现在的4.75%降到4%。

      降息决定公布之前几周信贷危机蔓延之际,美联储顶住了要拯救市场的压力──这让许多美国显贵深感失望。眼下的大幅降息则让他们感到宽慰。但是对持有美国债券的外国人来说,则是当头一击──日趋严重的通货膨胀将会让美元疲软。

      外国人相信美国,他们通过购买美国资产以建立自己的安全网。他们目前所持有的美国金融资产价值比美国的GDP还要多,然而他们辛苦挣来的钱的实际价值可能会灰飞烟灭。

      问题是:谁应该为美国房地产泡沫破裂的苦果埋单?美国家庭和非盈利机构持有的房产价值,是美国今年第二季度GDP的168%,而历史平均值为100%。在之前的地产泡沫中,这个比率从来没有超过140%。现今的房地产价值势必要经历很长时间的下跌,这个比率才会趋于正常的水平。另一种选择是让通货膨胀升温,增加名义GDP。简言之,就是让其他价格的增长与房地产价值相匹配。

      在一个封闭的经济体里,通货膨胀创造了一个财富再分配的零和游戏──持有存款和国债的投资者失败,借贷者胜利。当美国对外负债累累时,通货膨胀为美国经济增加了价值。这是美联储容忍通货膨胀的一个强大诱因。

      那么,为什么美联储不放任通胀从而将所有外债一笔勾销呢?问题是这会让外国人看到其中端倪,从而将手中持有的资产迅即拋售。那将会触发美国债券市场的崩盘,伤害美国经济。因此,只有外国人被蒙在鼓里,通货膨胀才会对美国有益。这是为什么美联储在口头上还声称要抑制通货膨胀的原因。美国最近处于温和通胀的态势只是暂时现象。在未来几年,随着商品价格的高起、美元的疲软、新兴经济体的通货膨胀以及美国生产力的下降,美国的通货膨胀将会加剧。美国房地产被高估得太多,以致需要大量的通胀才能让其价值回归正常水平。要做到这一点,美国得需要两位数的通胀。同时,由于生产力的下降,美国经济也会放缓。这可能导致一场1970年代式的滞胀──经济停滞与通货膨胀共存。

      美联储改变心意的做法是美国变得软弱的另一个迹象。自1989年冷战结束后,美国社会在经济上倾向享乐主义,在社会态度上变得自恋,在国际事务上则盲目乐观。美国人借钱享受生活,如今他们不愿还债。1929年后,美国社会在金本位制下强制履行债务合同,这段短暂的痛苦经历为美国成为超级强国奠定了基础。如今,我们也许正在见証美国超级强国地位终结的开始。

      由于美国的立场一贯是以掠夺外国人来偿还其所涉罪孽,外国人应对此进行反击。通过出售美国国债,他们将会即刻增加债券收益。此举将会对美国房地产市场及总体经济造成重创。美国的债券市场比其货币市场大十倍,而美联储只控制后者。如果外国人反击,美联储只得投降,去履行抑制通胀的本职。

      亚洲国家的中央银行与石油输出国组织(OPEC)成员是美国债券的主要持有者。他们负有保护本国财富的责任。如果他们坐视美联储的掠夺,这种玩忽职守无异于犯罪。

      OPEC用易枯竭的能源石油来交换美元纸币。当美联储想通过通胀让这些纸币贬值时,持有者必须出售以保存本国财富,并将其未来的石油生意所得转为其他货币。亚洲中央银行有更多的责任保护本国财富,因为它们的外汇储备来自其工人的辛勤劳动。如果他们到现在还对美联储的做法採取不作为态度,那么成千上万人数年来的辛勤工作都将化为泡影。

      美联储的举措使纸币的未来充满疑惑。中国在1000年前尝试使用纸币。但当政府印越来越多的纸币以供自己挥霍时,人们拒绝持有它,而该纸币也从历史里消失。现行的货币体系──没有实物支撑的纸币──的历史还不到四十年。尼克松政府一宣布美元与黄金脱鉤,就导致了一轮严重的通货膨胀。

      1980年代和1990年代,通胀有所下降,我们将这一成就归功于中央银行。但是其他因素也使抑制通胀变得容易。例如全球化就是一股主要的反通胀力量。事实上在过去的十年,资产市场的通货膨胀规模已经非常严重,但中央银行官员们拒绝承认这点。

      现在到了考验时刻:要么资产价格下跌,要么通胀加剧。对此,美联储已作出了明确的选择。其他中央银行也许会紧随其后。如果你持有纸币,那么就要小心了。更多精彩文章及讨论,请光临枫下论坛 rolia.net
    • up, good reading...
      本文发表在 rolia.net 枫下论坛but I can't imagine selling US T bill/bond will be a good solution... US cut Feb rate to bail economy from the risk of recession, it will bring inflation rate higher... dropping US Dollar will also import inflation from other countries... selling bond will increase the LT bond yield level.. make it harder to business(and GOV) to borrow in the market, the selling of bond, in nutshell, neutralize the rate cut move by Fed and slow down the US economy... I don't see how US Dollar will benefit from a slowing down economy? same time, selling US bond will cause bond price drop, bondholders will suffer bigger losses as other players join the sale (every countries wish to sell the bond earlier before price drop too deep). For china economy, the last thing we want to see is US recession since US is the largest buyer of our export.

      anyway, losses in foreign reserve is inevitable when US change their attitude toward exchange rate and start to tolerate weak US Dollar, this is the US's privilege as world currency and another good lesson for diversification. There are article talking about diversify foreign reserve into a more balanced basket including Euro, Japanese Yan, US, Gold... China sold too much gold and keep too much US dollar (one key reason is China believe US favor strong US Dollar, and US dollar is interest generating asset and Gold does not generate interest at all)...

      is it too late? prevention is much easier than remedy...更多精彩文章及讨论,请光临枫下论坛 rolia.net
    • 现在大举抛美国国债是不是晚了点?
      • 美国降息周期估计还会持续一段时间
        • 再这样下去, 美元总有崩溃的一天.
    • keep Canada assets. hope Canada can take advantage this opportunity to grow itself.
      • actually strong canadian dollar is not really good for canadian economy..
        strong currency is the reflection of our relative stronger economy than US, not a driver... strong canadian dollar hurt our export /manufacturing side..

        who know what will happen after US's president election... Hilary claimed that she favor strong USD if elected.. I kind of believe her... I don't believe that USD's weakness is the long-planned scheme to exploit other countries' hard-earn foreign reserve.. since the risk of doing that is too high... importing inflation from other countries.. and US could have done that long time ago should they want to.. US has this massive debt for decade and decade...

        the current weak dollar is just a result of housing crisis and following credit crunch...USD is a weak currency even without this rate cut.. I don't know what "USD collapse" mean...it won't happen, but it will remain weak until crisis this time is completed over... and US economy back on track again
    • 不懂这些经济上的东西,只不过人在美国,看不到周围工资要涨的迹象。如果工资不长,而且企业还在裁员(我在的公司就在逐渐把工厂挪到中国,印度,墨西哥),借贷又越来越难,靠什么来支撑通货膨胀?而且那些银行的利益怎么保障?难道他们愿意看到通货膨胀发生?
      • 工资不涨也会有通涨,
        一个是美元下降,进口东西变贵了(所谓通涨"进口"),如果同时增加货币供应量(如减息),你会看到工资慢慢上升。即使你的工资没涨,在进口产品推动下,物价上升,那你的生活水平就会下降。

        美国每年要发大量的外债,简单的理解是,美国目前的生活水平要靠向外国借债维持的,时间长后,即使没有这次的危机,外债积累到一定程度, 美元终要下跌,美国国内的生活水平会下降,如同以前靠钱过好日子,现在人家要你还,你只能过得差点,先还钱再说
    • 文章写的还是有些道理,不过这个政策决定恐怕是bush吧,是他把预算搞的那么高。还有这个是economist上面的文章吗?
    • Professional enough and easy to read/understand...the best article I've ever read so far regarding the current economy and market.